• Metformin a biguanide derivative is

  2019-07-30

  

  Metformin, a biguanide derivative, is a commonly used drug in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, as it suppresses endogenous glucose output and increases peripheral insulin sensitivity [39], [40]. In recent years, attention has been concentrated on AMPK in the context of metformin's action [16], [41]

• To validate a role for Prg

  2019-07-24

  

  To validate a role for Prg4 in the white adipose tissue of obese humans, we checked Prg4 gene expression in a cohort of obese women with and without type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetic women had increased expression of Prg4 in subcutaneous white adipose tissue as compared to normoglycemic controls. How

• Glucagon like peptide GLP is a glucose

  2019-07-24

  

  Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a glucose metabolic regulator, and GLP-1 and its analogues (exendin-4 and lixisenatide) may exert beneficial effects in diabetes and diabetes complications, especially dementia, because of its blood-brain barrier crossing abilities [[11], [12], [13]]. Several studi

• Additional analysis of different epithelia other than the

  2019-07-08

  

  Additional analysis of different epithelia, other than the intestine, in piglets carrying the ΔF508 mutation confirmed the presence of a residual CFTR function (about 6% of the wild-type function), as result of a small fraction of ΔF508-CFTR that escapes the ER and reaches the apical membrane [44].

• In this study we report a novel

  2019-07-08

  

  In this study, we report a novel role of the intestinal vitamin D-VDR axis as an important metabolic regulator of obesity in mice. Using a villin promoter-driven human VDR transgene in a Vdr deficient background, we show that gut-specific VDR enhances weight gain, adipose tissue inflammation and the

• Midostaurin (PKC412) It is widely accepted that

  2019-07-08

  

  It is widely accepted that visceral obesity in subjects with metabolic syndrome predisposes to T2DM and other pathological components of the syndrome [25]. Contrasting this view, our findings show that only apoa1 mice developed Midostaurin (PKC412) intolerance and insulin resistance following feedi

• MK-571 sodium salt hydrate This study reported reduced TGF a

  2019-07-08

  

  This study reported reduced TGF-β and p-Smad2 and p-Smad3 in the cardiac tissue extracts from Mcpt4−/− mice. Yet, we did not detect substantial change in amounts of p-Smad2, p-Smad3, and α-SMA in fibroblasts from these mice. Fibroblasts are the major cell type responsible for cardiac tissue fibrosis

• The nutrient sensing pathway that encompasses the dynamic an

  2019-07-06

  

  The nutrient-sensing pathway that encompasses the dynamic and reversible post-translational modification called O-linked-β-N-acetylglucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation) plays a significant role in disease progression. In fact, O-GlcNAcylation of nuclear, cytoplasmic and mitochondrial target proteins i

• Inducible nitric oxide synthase iNOS is regarded as a

  2019-07-05

  

  Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is regarded as a principal mediator of NO-dependent S-nitrosylation [24]. However, more investigations are needed to understand the expression of iNOS and the subsequent S-nitrosylation of important proteins in endothelial dysfunction. Several studies have show

• In addition to phosphorylation tau has also been shown

  2019-07-05

  

  In addition to phosphorylation, tau has also been shown to undergo acetylation [14,15,74]. Acetylation occurs when the acetyl-coenzyme A transfers an acetyl group to the ε-amino group of a lysine residue of a target protein [73]. This PTM is reversible and catalyzed by histone acetyl transferases (H

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