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Metformin a biguanide derivative is
2019-07-30
Metformin, a biguanide derivative, is a commonly used drug in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, as it suppresses endogenous glucose output and increases peripheral insulin sensitivity [39], [40]. In recent years, attention has been concentrated on AMPK in the context of metformin's action [16], [41]
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To validate a role for Prg
2019-07-24
To validate a role for Prg4 in the white adipose tissue of obese humans, we checked Prg4 gene expression in a cohort of obese women with and without type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetic women had increased expression of Prg4 in subcutaneous white adipose tissue as compared to normoglycemic controls. How
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Glucagon like peptide GLP is a glucose
2019-07-24
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a glucose metabolic regulator, and GLP-1 and its analogues (exendin-4 and lixisenatide) may exert beneficial effects in diabetes and diabetes complications, especially dementia, because of its blood-brain barrier crossing abilities [[11], [12], [13]]. Several studi
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Additional analysis of different epithelia other than the
2019-07-08
Additional analysis of different epithelia, other than the intestine, in piglets carrying the ΔF508 mutation confirmed the presence of a residual CFTR function (about 6% of the wild-type function), as result of a small fraction of ΔF508-CFTR that escapes the ER and reaches the apical membrane [44].
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In this study we report a novel
2019-07-08
In this study, we report a novel role of the intestinal vitamin D-VDR axis as an important metabolic regulator of obesity in mice. Using a villin promoter-driven human VDR transgene in a Vdr deficient background, we show that gut-specific VDR enhances weight gain, adipose tissue inflammation and the
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Midostaurin (PKC412) It is widely accepted that
2019-07-08
It is widely accepted that visceral obesity in subjects with metabolic syndrome predisposes to T2DM and other pathological components of the syndrome [25]. Contrasting this view, our findings show that only apoa1 mice developed Midostaurin (PKC412) intolerance and insulin resistance following feedi
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MK-571 sodium salt hydrate This study reported reduced TGF a
2019-07-08
This study reported reduced TGF-β and p-Smad2 and p-Smad3 in the cardiac tissue extracts from Mcpt4−/− mice. Yet, we did not detect substantial change in amounts of p-Smad2, p-Smad3, and α-SMA in fibroblasts from these mice. Fibroblasts are the major cell type responsible for cardiac tissue fibrosis
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The nutrient sensing pathway that encompasses the dynamic an
2019-07-06
The nutrient-sensing pathway that encompasses the dynamic and reversible post-translational modification called O-linked-β-N-acetylglucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation) plays a significant role in disease progression. In fact, O-GlcNAcylation of nuclear, cytoplasmic and mitochondrial target proteins i
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Inducible nitric oxide synthase iNOS is regarded as a
2019-07-05
Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is regarded as a principal mediator of NO-dependent S-nitrosylation [24]. However, more investigations are needed to understand the expression of iNOS and the subsequent S-nitrosylation of important proteins in endothelial dysfunction. Several studies have show
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In addition to phosphorylation tau has also been shown
2019-07-05
In addition to phosphorylation, tau has also been shown to undergo acetylation [14,15,74]. Acetylation occurs when the acetyl-coenzyme A transfers an acetyl group to the ε-amino group of a lysine residue of a target protein [73]. This PTM is reversible and catalyzed by histone acetyl transferases (H
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